Energy Efficient Routing Protocol with Real-Time Packets Delivery in Wireless Sensor and Actor Networks
Ka. Selvaradjou1, V. Rajesh2
1Dr. Ka. Selvaradjou, Department of Computer Science & Engineering, Pondicherry Engineering College, India.
2Mr. V. Rajesh, Department of Computer Science & Engineering, Pondicherry Engineering College, India.
Manuscript received on July 05, 2013. | Revised Manuscript received on July 11, 2013. | Manuscript published on July 15, 2013. | PP: 35-39 | Volume-1 Issue-8, July 2013. | Retrieval Number: H0393071813/2013©BEIESP
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© The Authors. Published By: Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)
Abstract: Wireless Sensor and Actor Networks (WSANs) are heterogeneous form of Wireless Sensor Networks(WSNs) with nodes of differing capabilities. Sensor nodes are small and static devices with limited power, computation, and communication capabilities that are largely used in environmental monitoring applications. The actor nodes are relatively resource rich nodes that can move and perform appropriate actions. The combination of these types of nodes brings closed loop operation in the monitoring applications. There are three specific challenges in WSAN: (i) delivery of the event detection report to the actor within a specified deadline, (ii) energy constrains of the sensor nodes and (iii) the reliable delivery of the sensed report. In this paper we propose a real-time, energy aware, routing protocol. Our protocol works in three phases: (i) route establishment, (ii) route maintenance and (iii) route deletion. During the establishment of routes between sensors and actors, the RREQ control packet is embedded with the information such as route, remaining power level, average traffic and current time, At the destination, the route with the maximum remaining power is chosen for transmission. In the maintenance phase, if any intermediate link fails, then RREQ process takes place. The route deletion phase is entered, if the remaining power of a route is below a threshold, thus removing the route entry the routing table. While sending a packet, the node calculates the current remaining power of the route using the previously received packets from that route. If the current remaining power is below a threshold, then the route is not chosen for transmission, the node tries with other route or starts new route establishment process. In our protocol, the intermediate nodes forward the packet based on the deadline associated with them, thus making it suitable for real time nature of WSAN. The performance of the proposed protocols is evaluated through extensive simulations and compared with that of Ad hoc On Demand Distance Vector (AODV) and Greedy Rumor Forwarding Routing (GRFR) protocols in terms of packet delivery ratio, deadline miss ratio, and lifetime of the network.
Keywords: Wireless Sensor Networks, energy efficiency, routing protocol.